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Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823). Шабаш ведьм картина

Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823)

1. Гойя, Франсиско – Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of late 18th and early 19th centuries and throughout his career was a commentator. Immensely successful in his lifetime, Goya is often referred to as both the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns and he was also one of the great portraitists of modern times. He was born to a modest family in 1746 in the village of Fuendetodos in Aragon and he studied painting from age 14 under José Luzán y Martinez and moved to Madrid to study with Anton Raphael Mengs. He married Josefa Bayeu in 1773, the couples life together was characterised by an almost constant series of pregnancies and miscarriages, Goya was a guarded man and although letters and writings survive, little is known about his thoughts. He suffered a severe and undiagnosed illness in 1793 which left him completely deaf, after 1793 his work became progressively darker and more pessimistic. His later easel and mural paintings, prints and drawings appear to reflect a bleak outlook on personal, social and political levels and he was appointed Director of the Royal Academy in 1795, the year Manuel Godoy made an unfavorable treaty with France. In 1799 Goya became Primer Pintor de Cámara, the then-highest rank for a Spanish court painter, in the late 1790s, commissioned by Godoy, he completed his La maja desnuda, a remarkably daring nude for the time and clearly indebted to Diego Velázquez. In 1801 he painted Charles IV of Spain and His Family, in 1807 Napoleon led the French army into Spain. Goya remained in Madrid during the Peninsular War, which seems to have affected him deeply. Although he did not vocalise his thoughts in public, they can be inferred from his Disasters of War series of prints and his 1814 paintings The Second of May 1808 and The Third of May 1808. Goya eventually abandoned Spain in 1824 to retire to the French city of Bordeaux, accompanied by his much younger maid and companion, Leocadia Weiss, there he completed his La Tauromaquia series and a number of other, major, canvases. Following a stroke left him paralyzed on his right side. His body was later re-interred in Spain, Francisco Goya was born in Fuendetodos, Aragón, Spain, on 30 March 1746 to José Benito de Goya y Franque and Gracia de Lucientes y Salvador. The family had moved that year from the city of Zaragoza, José was the son of a notary and of Basque origin, his ancestors being from Zerain, earning his living as a gilder, specialising in religious and decorative craftwork. He oversaw the gilding and most of the ornamentation during the rebuilding of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar, Francisco was their fourth child, following his sister Rita, brother Tomás and second sister Jacinta. There were two sons, Mariano and Camilo. His mothers family had pretensions of nobility and the house, a modest brick cottage, was owned by her family and, perhaps fancifully, about 1749 José and Gracia bought a home in Zaragoza and were able to return to live in the city

2. Мадрид – Madrid is the capital city of the Kingdom of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole. The city has a population of almost 3.2 million with an area population of approximately 6.5 million. It is the third-largest city in the European Union after London and Berlin, the municipality itself covers an area of 604.3 km2. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid, this community is bordered by the communities of Castile and León. As the capital city of Spain, seat of government, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political, economic, the current mayor is Manuela Carmena from Ahora Madrid. Madrid is home to two football clubs, Real Madrid and Atlético de Madrid. Madrid is the 17th most liveable city in the according to Monocle magazine. Madrid organises fairs such as FITUR, ARCO, SIMO TCI, while Madrid possesses modern infrastructure, it has preserved the look and feel of many of its historic neighbourhoods and streets. Cibeles Palace and Fountain have become one of the monument symbols of the city, the first documented reference of the city originates in Andalusan times as the Arabic مجريط Majrīṭ, which was retained in Medieval Spanish as Magerit. A wider number of theories have been formulated on possible earlier origins, according to legend, Madrid was founded by Ocno Bianor and was named Metragirta or Mantua Carpetana. The most ancient recorded name of the city Magerit comes from the name of a built on the Manzanares River in the 9th century AD. Nevertheless, it is speculated that the origin of the current name of the city comes from the 2nd century BC. The Roman Empire established a settlement on the banks of the Manzanares river, the name of this first village was Matrice. In the 8th century, the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula saw the changed to Mayrit, from the Arabic term ميرا Mayra. The modern Madrid evolved from the Mozarabic Matrit, which is still in the Madrilenian gentilic, after the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Madrid was integrated in the Taifa of Toledo. With the surrender of Toledo to Alfonso VI of León and Castile, the city was conquered by Christians in 1085, Christians replaced Muslims in the occupation of the centre of the city, while Muslims and Jews settled in the suburbs. The city was thriving and was given the title of Villa, since 1188, Madrid won the right to be a city with representation in the courts of Castile. In 1202, King Alfonso VIII of Castile gave Madrid its first charter to regulate the municipal council, which was expanded in 1222 by Ferdinand III of Castile

3. Испания – By population, Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spains capital and largest city is Madrid, other urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago, in the Middle Ages, the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors. Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a power and a major developed country with the worlds fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP. Jesús Luis Cunchillos argues that the root of the span is the Phoenician word spy. Therefore, i-spn-ya would mean the land where metals are forged, two 15th-century Spanish Jewish scholars, Don Isaac Abravanel and Solomon ibn Verga, gave an explanation now considered folkloric. Both men wrote in two different published works that the first Jews to reach Spain were brought by ship by Phiros who was confederate with the king of Babylon when he laid siege to Jerusalem. This man was a Grecian by birth, but who had given a kingdom in Spain. He became related by marriage to Espan, the nephew of king Heracles, Heracles later renounced his throne in preference for his native Greece, leaving his kingdom to his nephew, Espan, from whom the country of España took its name. Based upon their testimonies, this eponym would have already been in use in Spain by c.350 BCE, Iberia enters written records as a land populated largely by the Iberians, Basques and Celts. Early on its coastal areas were settled by Phoenicians who founded Western Europe´s most ancient cities Cadiz, Phoenician influence expanded as much of the Peninsula was eventually incorporated into the Carthaginian Empire, becoming a major theater of the Punic Wars against the expanding Roman Empire. After an arduous conquest, the peninsula came fully under Roman Rule, during the early Middle Ages it came under Germanic rule but later, much of it was conquered by Moorish invaders from North Africa. In a process took centuries, the small Christian kingdoms in the north gradually regained control of the peninsula. The last Moorish kingdom fell in the same year Columbus reached the Americas, a global empire began which saw Spain become the strongest kingdom in Europe, the leading world power for a century and a half, and the largest overseas empire for three centuries. Continued wars and other problems led to a diminished status. The Napoleonic invasions of Spain led to chaos, triggering independence movements that tore apart most of the empire, eventually democracy was peacefully restored in the form of a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Spain joined the European Union, experiencing a renaissance and steady economic growth

4. Мрачные картины – The Black Paintings is the name given to a group of fourteen paintings by Francisco Goya from the later years of his life, likely between 1819 and 1823. They portray intense, haunting themes, reflective of both his fear of insanity and his outlook on humanity. In 1819, at the age of 72, Goya moved into a house outside Madrid that was called Quinta del Sordo. Although the house had been named after the owner, who was deaf. The paintings originally were painted as murals on the walls of the house, later being hacked off the walls, currently they are held in the Museo del Prado in Madrid. After the Napoleonic Wars and the turmoil of the changing Spanish government. He had a first-hand and acute awareness of panic, terror, fear and he had survived two near-fatal illnesses, and grew increasingly anxious and impatient in fear of relapse. The combination of factors is thought to have led to his production of the fourteen works known collectively as the Black Paintings. Using oil paints and working directly on the walls of his dining and sitting rooms, Goya created works with dark, the paintings were not commissioned and were not meant to leave his home. Goya did not give titles to the paintings, or if he did, most names used for them are designations employed by art historians. Initially, they were catalogued in 1828 by Goya’s friend, Antonio Brugada, the paintings were little known for half a century. Only certain art critics, such as Charles Yriarte, wrote about them, the slow process of transferring the murals onto canvas began in 1874. However, in 1881 the baron donated the paintings to the Spanish state, Goya acquired the villa on the banks of the River Manzanares, near the Segovia bridge and with views over the plains of San Isidro, in February 1819. It has been suggested that he bought the house to public attention, he lived there with Leocadia Weiss. It is thought that Goya had a relationship with her and possibly a daughter and it is not known exactly when Goya began painting the Black Paintings. It is possible that he started work on the murals between February and November 1819 when he fell ill as testified by the disturbing Self-portrait with Dr Arrieta. What is known is that the murals were painted over rural scenes containing small figures as Goya made use of the landscapes in some of his murals such as Fight with Cudgels. If the light-toned bucolic paintings are also the works of Goya, it may be that his illness, Bozal has suggested that those paintings also were painted by Goya as this is the only way to understand why he reused them

5. Всемирная выставка (1878) – The third Paris Worlds Fair, called an Exposition Universelle in French, was held from 1 May through to 10 November 1878. It celebrated the recovery of France after the 1870–71 Franco-Prussian War, however, efforts made in April were prodigious, and by 1 June, a month after the formal opening, the exhibition was finally completed. This exposition was on a far larger scale than any previously held anywhere in the world and it covered over 66 acres, the main building in the Champ de Mars and the hill of Chaillot, occupying 54 acres. The Gare du Champ de Mars was rebuilt with four tracks to receive rail traffic occasioned by the exposition, the Pont dIéna linked the two exhibition sites along the central allée. The French exhibits filled one-half of the space, with the remaining exhibition space divided among the other nations of the world. Germany was the major country which was not represented. The United States exhibition was headed by a series of commissioners, young, a former United States Congressman and major general in the Confederate States Army and Floyd Perry Baker, a Kansas newspaper editor, as well as other generals, politicians, and celebrities. The United Kingdoms expenditure was defrayed out of the consolidated revenue, the UK display was under the control of a royal commission, of which the Prince of Wales was president. The Gallery of Machines was a building, an industrial showcase of low transverse arches. Many of the buildings and statues were made of staff, a low-cost temporary building material invented in Paris in 1876, which consisted of fiber, plaster of Paris. On the northern bank of the Seine River, a palace was constructed for the exhibition at the tip of the Place du Trocadéro. It was a handsome Moorish structure, with towers 76 metres in height, on 30 June 1878, the completed head of the Statue of Liberty was showcased in the garden of the Trocadéro palace, while other pieces were on display in the Champs de Mars. Among the many inventions on display was Alexander Graham Bells telephone, thomas Edison had on display a megaphone and phonograph. International juries judged the various exhibits, awarding medals of gold, silver, one popular feature was a human zoo, called a negro village, composed of 400 indigenous people. Gold award for painting, Jan Matejko, for the The Hanging of the Sigismund Bell, Union of Lublin, gold award for photography, Aimé Dupont Over 13 million people paid to attend the exposition, making it a financial success. In addition to the impetus given to French trade, the revenue from customs. Concurrent with the exposition, a number of meetings and conferences were held to gain consensus on international standards, French writer Victor Hugo led the Congress for the Protection of Literary Property, which led to the eventual formulation of international copyright laws. Similarly, other meetings led to efforts to standardize the flow of mail from country to country, the International Congress for the Amelioration of the Condition of Blind People led to the worldwide adoption of the Braille System of touch-reading

6. Герцог Осуна – Duke of Osuna is a Spanish noble title that was first awarded in 1562 by King Philip II of Spain to Don Pedro Girón de la Cueva. Don Pedro was also Viceroy of Naples, Ambassador in Portugal, the fortunes of the town of Osuna started to rise in the mid-15th century. At that time, Osuna was ruled by Pedro Girón Acuña Pacheco and his son Alfonso Téllez-Girón de las Casas was elevated to Count of Ureña in 1464 by King Enrique IV of Castile. The dynasty’s influence increased, obtaining the title of Duke of Osuna in 1562, Osuna became the Andalusian capital of the domains of the Téllez-Girón family, who carried the ducal title. Some of the most notable members of the House of Osuna were Don Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna and he became known to history as the Great Duke of Osuna. Don Pedro Manuel Girón de Velasco, 3rd Duke of Osuna, Viceroy of Sicily, Don Juan Tellez-Girón y Enriquez de Ribera, 4th Duke of Osuna. Don Gaspar Téllez-Girón y Sandoval, 5th Duke de Osuna, Viceroy of Catalonia, Don Francisco de Paula Téllez-Girón y Benavides, 6th Duke of Osuna. Don José María Téllez-Girón y Benavides, 7th Duke of Osuna since 1716, Don Pedro Téllez-Girón y Pacheco, 9th Duke of Osuna since 1787. Don Francisco Téllez-Girón, 10th Duke de Osuna, 10th Duke de Osuna, Don Pedro de Álcantara Téllez-Girón y Beaufort-Spontin, 11th Duke of Osuna, also 14th Duke of the Infantado, died without issue. Don Mariano Téllez-Girón y Beaufort-Spontin, 12th Duke of Osuna, also 15th Duke of the Infantado, Don Pedro de Àlcantara Téllez-Girón y Fernández de Santillán, 13th Duke of Osuna. Don Luis María Téllez-Girón y Fernández de Córdoba, 14th Duke of Osuna, Don Mariano Téllez-Girón y Fernández de Córdoba, 15th Duke of Osuna. Married to Petra Duque de Estrada y Moreno, Doña Angela Téllez-Girón y Duque de Estrada, 16th Duchess of Osuna, became duchess at the age of 6 years. Doña Ángela María de Solís-Beaumont y Téllez-Girón, 17th Duchess of Osuna since 2016. His two sisters, were called Magdalena and Maria, marrying also other high Spanish nobility people, Don Pedro married Leonor Ana Pérez de Guzman y Aragón. Her name was associated since then to the actual Reserve of the BioSphere, Don Francisco Téllez-Girón, 6th Duke of Osuna, Married in 1694, aged 16, Maria Remigia Fernández de Velasco y Tovar, but there was not an adult male issue. He was a supporter of King Philip V of Spain and plenipotentiary signer of the Treaty of Utrecht, Francisco de Borja Téllez-Girón y Pimentel, 10th Duke of Osuna, Painted by Goya as a child together with his eldest sister, Maria Joaquina Téllez-Girón y Pimentel. Mariano Téllez-Girón, 12th Duke of Osuna, He represented Spain in the crowning of Queen Victoria in England, closer inspections around many of the accumulated nobility titles reveal that they are held now by rather ambiguous persons. He married in Wiesbaden,4 April 1866, Doña Marie Eleonore zu Salm-Salm, née Princess zu Salm-Salm and she married again the Duc of Croy when Mariano died but there was not issue from both marriages

7. АСТ (издательство) – AST is one of the largest book publishing companies in Russia, headed by Oleg Bartenev. It owns a bookstores chain Bukva, among AST partners are publishing companies Astrel, Zebra E, Molodaya Gvardiya, CenterCom, bookstores Moscow and Biblio Globus and online shops, such as Ozon. ru. It also owns comic book and manga publisher Comics Factory, the company was established in 1990 by Andrey Gertsev, Sergei Derevianko and Tatiana Derevianko as Creative Cooperative Association AST. AST is an abbreviation meaning Andrey-Sergei-Tatiana, in 1993 the company was divided into AST itself, headed by Andrey Gertsev, and AST-PRESS. As of 2007, AST and its rival Eksmo together published approximately 30% of all Russian books, on April 19,2012 the commercial subdivision of AST Pyaty okean filed for bankruptcy, as their debts exceeded 7,5 billion roubles. Eksmo stated that they had plans for AST purchase, in June 2012 Oleg Novikov, the general director of Eksmo, reported that Eksmo gained control on several subdivisions of AST, with an exception of Bukva bookstores chain

8. Маха обнажённая – The Nude Maja is a name given to a c. 1797-1800 oil on canvas painting by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya and it portrays a nude woman reclining on a bed of pillows, and was probably commissioned by Manuel de Godoy, to hang in his private collection in a separate cabinet reserved for nude paintings. Goya created a pendant of the same woman identically posed, but clothed, known today as La maja vestida, also in the Prado, the subject is identified as a maja based on her costume in La maja vestida. The painting is renowned for the straightforward and unashamed gaze of the model towards the viewer and it has also been cited as among the earliest Western artwork to depict a nude womans pubic hair without obvious negative connotations. With this work Goya not only upset the authorities, but also titillated the public. It has been in the Museo del Prado in Madrid since 1901, the painting carries many of the traditions of depictions of the nude in Spanish art, but marks a clear break in significant ways, especially in her bold gaze. More obviously, while Velázquez painted his Venus revealing only her back, Goyas figuration is short and angular, while Velázquezs is elongated and curved, and his figure placed on richly coloured satin, which starkly contrasts to the bare white cloths Goyas maja rests on. The identity of the model and why the paintings were created are unknown, Godoy retained the picture for six years before it was discovered by investigators for the Spanish Inquisition in 1808, along with his other questionable pictures. The controversy was populist and driven by a motive, following a mob gathering demanding Godoys removal as Prime Minister. In the fallout, Goya was named and summonsed on a charge of moral depravity, as Godoy had only been found in possession of the painting, Goya was asked to identify why he did them, and also at whose request, and what attention guided him. Goya escaped prosecution when the tribunal accepted that he was following in a tradition, ironically, the earlier picture of Venus had been similarly kept out of view by that art-loving king in a private room, the room where His Majesty retires after eating. La maja desnuda has always hung alongside, above, or before its companion and they were twice in the collection of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando, also in Madrid, being sequestered by the Inquisition between 1814 and 1836 before being returned. They have been in the Prado since 1901 and it is not known if the two works were intended to be hung together. One early account gives the Clothed Maja placed in front of the current work, today they are hung side by side, although others have suggested that they were intended to be spaced apart, and seen in succession. It has been conjectured that the woman depicted was Godoys young mistress Pepita Tudó, however, many scholars have rejected this possibility, including Australian art critic Robert Hughes in his 2003 biography Goya. Many agree that Pepita Tudó is a likely candidate. Others believe that the woman is a composite of different models. The work has inspired other artists, jeffrey Meyers, in his book Impressionist Quartet, The Intimate Genius of Manet and Morisot, Degas and Cassatt, opines that Manets Olympia boldly alluded to another masterpiece, Goyas Naked Maja

9. Портрет семьи Карла IV – Charles IV of Spain and His Family is an oil on canvas painting by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya who began work on this painting in 1800 and completed it in the summer of 1801. It features life sized depictions of Charles IV of Spain and his family, ostentatiously dressed in fine costume, the painting was modeled after Velázquezs Las Meninas when setting the royal subjects in a naturalistic and plausible setting. The royal family is apparently paying a visit to the artists studio, the barely visible man in the background shadows at the left is Goya himself. 69–73 Davies, Denny, Hofrichter, Jacobs, Roberts, Simon

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Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823) — Википедия (с комментариями)

Материал из Википедии — свободной энциклопедии

К:Картины 1819 года

«Шабаш ведьм» (исп. El Aquelarre, o El gran Cabrón) — роспись испанского художника Франсиско Гойи, написанная между 1819 и 1823 годами на стене его «Дома Глухого» (исп.)русск.. Одно из 14 подобных изображений, которое позднее было переведено на холст и ныне хранится в Музее Прадо.

Композиция первоначально, согласно инвентаризации в 1828-1830 годах друга Гойи Антонио Бругады (исп.)русск., находилась среди панно, расположенных на нижнем этаже «Дома Глухого» (исп.)русск., огромное по длине оно занимало всю южную сторону стены дома слева от входной двери. В числе других «Мрачных картин» была переведена на холст художником Сальвадором Мартинесом Кубельсом (исп.)русск. по просьбе французского банкира Фредерика Эмиля д'Эрлангера (англ.)русск. для показа на Всемирной выставке 1878 года. Работа не привлекала покупателей и поэтому в 1881 году была подарена Музею Прадо.

Сюжет картины

В 1798 году Гойя уже написал для герцога Осуна картину на схожий сюжет.

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Примечания

Литература

BOZAL, Valeriano, Francisco Goya, vida y obra, (2 vols.) Madrid, Tf. Editores, 2005. ISBN 84-96209-39-3.
GLENDINNING, Nigel, Francisco de Goya, Madrid, Cuadernos de Historia 16 (col. «El arte y sus creadores», nº 30), 1993, pág. 145.
Батикль Ж. Гойя: Легенда и жизнь. М., Астрель, АСТ, 2006.

Ссылки

[ipce.mcu.es/documentacion/fototeca/fondos/doc-fot-fond-vern3.html El aquelarre en la casa de Goya, en 1874, poco antes de su arranque del muro]
[www.museodelprado.es/coleccion/galeria-on-line/galeria-on-line/obra/el-aquelarre-o-el-gran-cabron/ Museo del Prado: El aquelarre]
[www.theartwolf.com/goya_black_paintings_es.htm Situación de los frescos en la Quinta del Sordo] (reconstrucción virtual).

Отрывок, характеризующий Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823)

– Так ничего? – Ничего, – сказала княжна Марья, лучистыми глазами твердо глядя на невестку. Она решилась не говорить ей и уговорила отца скрыть получение страшного известия от невестки до ее разрешения, которое должно было быть на днях. Княжна Марья и старый князь, каждый по своему, носили и скрывали свое горе. Старый князь не хотел надеяться: он решил, что князь Андрей убит, и не смотря на то, что он послал чиновника в Австрию розыскивать след сына, он заказал ему в Москве памятник, который намерен был поставить в своем саду, и всем говорил, что сын его убит. Он старался не изменяя вести прежний образ жизни, но силы изменяли ему: он меньше ходил, меньше ел, меньше спал, и с каждым днем делался слабее. Княжна Марья надеялась. Она молилась за брата, как за живого и каждую минуту ждала известия о его возвращении.

– Ma bonne amie, [Мой добрый друг,] – сказала маленькая княгиня утром 19 го марта после завтрака, и губка ее с усиками поднялась по старой привычке; но как и во всех не только улыбках, но звуках речей, даже походках в этом доме со дня получения страшного известия была печаль, то и теперь улыбка маленькой княгини, поддавшейся общему настроению, хотя и не знавшей его причины, – была такая, что она еще более напоминала об общей печали. – Ma bonne amie, je crains que le fruschtique (comme dit Фока – повар) de ce matin ne m'aie pas fait du mal. [Дружочек, боюсь, чтоб от нынешнего фриштика (как называет его повар Фока) мне не было дурно.] – А что с тобой, моя душа? Ты бледна. Ах, ты очень бледна, – испуганно сказала княжна Марья, своими тяжелыми, мягкими шагами подбегая к невестке. – Ваше сиятельство, не послать ли за Марьей Богдановной? – сказала одна из бывших тут горничных. (Марья Богдановна была акушерка из уездного города, жившая в Лысых Горах уже другую неделю.) – И в самом деле, – подхватила княжна Марья, – может быть, точно. Я пойду. Courage, mon ange! [Не бойся, мой ангел.] Она поцеловала Лизу и хотела выйти из комнаты. – Ах, нет, нет! – И кроме бледности, на лице маленькой княгини выразился детский страх неотвратимого физического страдания. – Non, c'est l'estomac… dites que c'est l'estomac, dites, Marie, dites…, [Нет это желудок… скажи, Маша, что это желудок…] – и княгиня заплакала детски страдальчески, капризно и даже несколько притворно, ломая свои маленькие ручки. Княжна выбежала из комнаты за Марьей Богдановной.

wiki-org.ru

Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823) Вики

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

История[ | код]

В 1798 году Гойя уже написал для герцога Осуна картину на схожий сюжет.

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

Примечания[ | код]

Литература[ | код]

BOZAL, Valeriano, Francisco Goya, vida y obra, (2 vols.) Madrid, Tf. Editores, 2005. ISBN 84-96209-39-3.
GLENDINNING, Nigel, Francisco de Goya, Madrid, Cuadernos de Historia 16 (col. «El arte y sus creadores», nº 30), 1993, pág. 145.
Батикль Ж. Гойя: Легенда и жизнь. М., Астрель, АСТ, 2006.

Ссылки[ | код]

ru.wikibedia.ru

Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823)

Open wikipedia design.

Франсиско Гойя

Шабаш ведьм. 1819-1823

El Aquelarre, o El gran Cabrón

Холст, масло. 140 × 438 см

Музей Прадо, Мадрид

(инв. P00761)

Изображения на Викискладе

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

Содержание

1 История
2 Примечания
3 Литература
4 Ссылки

В 1798 году Гойя уже написал для герцога Осуна картину на схожий сюжет.

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Репродукция картины "Шабаш ведьм" Франсиско Гойи

Интернет-магазин BigArtShop представляет большой каталог картин художника Франсиско Гойи. Вы можете выбрать и купить понравившиеся репродукции картин Франсиско Гойи на натуральном холсте.

Франси́ско Хосе́ де Го́йя-и-Лусье́нтес родился в 1746 году в небольшой деревушке на севере Испании в семье мастера по золоту. Франсиско был младшим из троих сыновей.

В конце 1750-х годов семья переехала в Сарагосу. Около 1759 года Франсиско поступил в ученики к местному художнику Хосе Лу-сан-и-Мартинесу. В течение трех лет Гойя копировал гравюры. В эти годы он получил свой первый заказ от приходской церкви. Это была рака для хранения мощей.

После неудачной попытки в 1763 году поступить в Королевскую академию Сан-Фернандо Гойя стал учеником придворного живописца Франсиско Бай-еу. В 1773 году Гойя женился на сестре своего учителя, что укрепило его положение в художественном мире того времени.

В 1780 году Гойю приняли В Королевскую Академию.

В 1786 году он стал придворным художником испанского короля.

В 1712 году Гойя подвергся тяжелой и загадочной болезни, которая сопровождалась параличом, слепотой и едва ли не полным безумием. Ему удалось победить недуг, но он перестал слышать, и его постоянно одолевали страхи, что он не сумеет завершить задуманное.

В творчестве Гойи появились «фантазии и выдумки», упростилась манера письма.

Знакомство с семьей герцога Альба впоследствии послужило созданию его самых известных шедевров: «Маха одетая» и «Маха обнаженная» Ослепительная и энергичная герцогиня после смерти своего мужа в 1796 году стала любовницей художника и вдохновила его на создание этих картин.

Гойе чудом удалось сохранить имя натурщицы в тайне и избежать тюрьмы, представ перед судом инквизиции, так как обнаженная натура была запрещена.

В конце 1790 годов увидела свет и первая серия офортов мастера — «Капричос» («Капризы»), которая была посвящена жестокому осмеянию человеческих слабостей и предрассудков.

В 1814 году Гойя написал знаменитый расстрел повстанцев.

"Расстрел повстанцев в ночь на 3 мая 1808 года" считается главной картиной Гойи.

Война, начавшаяся как освободительная, переросла в страшную гражданскую войну.

Картины этих лет - мир мрака, ужаса, страха, страшные видения бесов, демонов, богов и титанов. Они получили название «черной живописи» Гойи. В это время стали известны фрески "Дома глухого".

Гойя и вошел в историю живописи как мастер вопллощения темных снов и фантазий.

Последние годы художник провел во Франции в Бордо, стремясь избавиться от испанской действительности, создавая более жизнерадостные произведения.

Умер Гойя в возрасте 82 лет в 1828 году.

Текстура холста, качественные краски и широкоформатная печать позволяют нашим репродукциям картин Франсиско Гойи не уступать оригиналу. Холст будет натянут на специальный подрамник, после чего картина может быть оправлена в выбранный Вами багет.

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Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823)

Содержание

1 Сюжет картины
2 Примечания
3 Литература
4 Ссылки

Сюжет картины

В 1798 году Гойя уже написал для герцога Осуна картину на схожий сюжет.

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

Примечания

Литература

BOZAL, Valeriano, Francisco Goya, vida y obra, (2 vols.) Madrid, Tf. Editores, 2005. ISBN 84-96209-39-3.
GLENDINNING, Nigel, Francisco de Goya, Madrid, Cuadernos de Historia 16 (col. «El arte y sus creadores», nº 30), 1993, pág. 145.
Батикль Ж. Гойя: Легенда и жизнь. М., Астрель, АСТ, 2006.

Ссылки

El aquelarre en la casa de Goya, en 1874, poco antes de su arranque del muro
Museo del Prado: El aquelarre
Situación de los frescos en la Quinta del Sordo (reconstrucción virtual).

Франсиско Гойя Живопись Серии офортов

Маха обнажённая (1797—1800) · Портрет семьи Карла IV (1800—1801) · Маха одетая (1800—1805) · Портрет маркизы Санта-Крус (1805) · Восстание 2 мая 1808 года в Мадриде (1814) · Третье мая 1808 года в Мадриде (1814) · Мрачные картины (1819—1823) · Молочница из Бордо (1825—1827)

Капричос (1797—1798) · Тавромахия (1815) · Бедствия войны (1810—1820) · Диспаратес (1820—1823)

Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823) Информация о

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Шабаш ведьм (картина Гойи, 1823)

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

История

В 1798 году Гойя уже написал для герцога Осуна картину на схожий сюжет.

Шабаш ведьм. Снимок 1874 года росписи Гойи в Доме Глухого.

Примечания

Литература

BOZAL, Valeriano, Francisco Goya, vida y obra, (2 vols.) Madrid, Tf. Editores, 2005. ISBN 84-96209-39-3.
GLENDINNING, Nigel, Francisco de Goya, Madrid, Cuadernos de Historia 16 (col. «El arte y sus creadores», nº 30), 1993, pág. 145.
Батикль Ж. Гойя: Легенда и жизнь. М., Астрель, АСТ, 2006.